Deep groove ball bearings are a type of rolling element bearing that are commonly used in a variety of applications. They are designed with deep raceway grooves in both the inner and outer rings, which enables them to accommodate radial and axial loads in both directions. This design allows for high-speed operation and low friction, making them suitable for a wide range of industrial and automotive applications.
The inner and outer rings of deep groove ball bearings are typically made of high-quality steel or stainless steel, while the balls are usually made of chrome steel, ceramic, or other materials. The cage that holds the balls in place can be made of steel, brass, or polyamide, depending on the application requirements.
Deep groove ball bearings come in various sizes and configurations to meet different load and speed requirements. They are commonly used in applications such as electric motors, pumps, fans, conveyors, automotive transmissions, and agricultural machinery.
One of the key advantages of deep groove ball bearings is their versatility and durability. They can operate efficiently under high-speed and high-load conditions, while also providing smooth and quiet operation. Additionally, deep groove ball bearings are relatively easy to install and maintain, making them a cost-effective solution for many industries.
deep groove ball bearings are essential components in many mechanical systems, providing reliable performance and long service life. Their design features, high precision, and ability to withstand various operating conditions make them a popular choice for a wide range of industrial and automotive applications.
Introduction to Deep Groove Ball Bearings
Formerly known as single row radial ball bearing, it is the most widely used type of rolling bearing. Its characteristics are low frictional resistance, high rotational speed, and can be used on components that can withstand radial loads or combined loads acting both radially and axially. It can also be used on components that can withstand axial loads, such as low-power electric motors, automotive and tractor gearboxes, machine tool gearboxes, general machines, tools, etc.
Basic parameters
Deep groove ball bearings are the most common type of rolling bearings.
The basic deep groove ball bearing consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, a set of steel balls, and a retaining structure. There are two types of deep groove ball bearings: single row and double row. The deep groove ball structure is also divided into sealed and open structures. Open refers to the bearing without a sealed structure, while sealed deep groove balls are divided into dustproof seals and oil proof seals. The material of the dustproof sealing cover is steel plate stamping, which only plays a simple role in preventing dust from entering the bearing raceway. The oil proof type is a contact oil seal, which can effectively prevent the leakage of lubricating grease inside the bearing.
The type code for single row deep groove ball bearings is 6, and the code for double row deep groove ball bearings is 4. Its structure is simple, easy to use, and it is the most commonly produced and widely used type of bearing.
operational principle
Deep groove ball bearings mainly bear radial loads and can also withstand both radial and axial loads simultaneously. When it only bears radial loads, the contact angle is zero. When deep groove ball bearings have a large radial clearance, they have the performance of angular contact bearings and can withstand large axial loads. The friction coefficient of deep groove ball bearings is very small, and the maximum speed is also high.
Bearing characteristics
Deep groove ball bearings are the most commonly used rolling bearings. Its structure is simple and convenient to use. Mainly used to withstand radial loads, but when the radial clearance of the bearing is increased, it has certain performance of angular contact ball bearings and can withstand combined radial and axial loads. When the rotational speed is high and thrust ball bearings are not suitable, they can also be used to withstand pure axial loads. Compared with other types of bearings with the same specifications and dimensions as deep groove ball bearings, this type of bearing has a lower friction coefficient and a higher limit speed. But it is not resistant to impact and is not suitable for bearing heavy loads.
After installing the deep groove ball bearing on the shaft, within the axial clearance range of the bearing, it can limit the axial displacement in both directions of the shaft or shell, and therefore can perform axial positioning in both directions. In addition, this type of bearing also has a certain degree of centering ability. When tilted 2 ′ to 10 ′ relative to the outer shell hole, it can still work normally, but it has a certain impact on the bearing life.
Structure and Classification
Bearing structure
Deep groove ball bearings have a simple structure and are easy to achieve high manufacturing accuracy compared to other types, making them easy to produce in series and in large quantities. They also have low manufacturing costs and are widely used. In addition to the basic type, deep groove ball bearings also have various variant structures, such as: deep groove ball bearings with dust covers, deep groove ball bearings with rubber sealing rings, deep groove ball bearings with stop grooves, deep groove ball bearings with large load capacity with ball mounting notches, and double row deep groove ball bearings.
Bearing type
Deep groove ball bearings are mainly used to withstand radial loads, but they are also commonly used to withstand composite radial and axial loads. Especially when the speed of mechanical equipment is very high and it is not suitable to use thrust bearings, this bearing can be used to withstand bidirectional pure axial loads without maintenance during operation. It is a low-cost and widely used bearing. The models of deep groove ball bearings include: deep groove ball bearings (60000 type); Deep groove ball bearings with stop grooves on the outer ring (60000N type); A deep groove ball bearing (60000-ZN type) with a dust cover on one side and a stop groove on the outer ring on the other side; Deep groove ball bearings with dust covers on both sides and stop grooves on the outer ring (60000-2ZN type); Deep groove ball bearing with dust cover on one side (60000Z type); Deep groove ball bearings with dust covers on both sides (60000-2Z type); Deep groove ball bearings with sealing rings on one side (60000-LS type, 60000-RZ type); Deep groove ball bearings with sealing rings on both sides (60000-2LS type, 60000-2RZ type); Deep groove ball bearing with flange outer ring (F60000 type); Deep groove ball bearing with flange outer ring and dust cover on one side (F60000-Z type); There are 11 types of flange outer ring deep groove ball bearings (F60000-2Z type) with dust covers on both sides. [2]
According to the size of deep groove ball bearings, they can be divided into:
(1) Micro bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 26mm or less;
(2) Small bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 28-55mm;
(3) Small and medium-sized bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 60-115mm;
(4) Medium and large-sized bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 120-190mm
(5) Large bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 200-430mm;
(6) Extra large bearings - bearings with a nominal outer diameter size range of 440mm or more.
Processing form
The processing form of deep groove ball bearing parts is as follows:
1. Multi process processing: Generally, bearing production requires 20-40 processes, with more than 70 processes.
2. Forming processing: The working surface of bearing parts is a rotary forming surface, suitable for processing using the forming method.
3. Precision machining: The vast majority of bearing parts require grinding on their surfaces, with grinding dimensions and geometric accuracy measured in micrometers.
Deep groove ball bearings can be used in gearboxes, instruments and meters, motors, household appliances, internal combustion engines, transportation vehicles, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, engineering machinery, roller skates, yoyo balls, etc
Installation method
Installation method one for deep groove ball bearings: Press fit: The inner ring of the bearing is tightly matched with the shaft, and when the outer ring is loosely matched with the bearing seat hole, a press can be used to first press the bearing onto the shaft, and then the shaft and the bearing are installed together into the bearing seat hole. When pressing, a soft metal assembly sleeve (copper or soft steel) made of soft metal material is placed on the end face of the inner ring of the bearing. The outer ring of the bearing is tightly matched with the bearing seat hole. When the inner ring and the shaft are loosely matched, the bearing can be pressed into the bearing seat hole first. At this time, the outer diameter of the assembly sleeve should be slightly smaller than the diameter of the seat hole. If the bearing sleeve is tightly matched with the shaft and seat hole, install the inner ring and outer ring. The ring should be simultaneously pressed into the shaft and seat hole, and the structure of the assembly sleeve should be able to simultaneously tighten the end faces of the inner and outer rings of the bearing.
Installation method 2 for deep groove ball bearings: Heating fit: By heating the bearing or bearing seat, the tight fit is transformed into a loose fit through thermal expansion. It is a commonly used and labor-saving installation method. This method is suitable for the installation of bearings with large interference. Before hot installation, the bearing or separable bearing ring is placed in the oil tank and evenly heated at 80-100 ℃. Then, it is taken out of the oil and quickly installed on the shaft. To prevent the inner ring end face and shaft shoulder from not fitting tightly after cooling, the bearing can be axially tightened after cooling. When the outer ring of the bearing is tightly fitted with a light metal bearing seat, the hot installation method of heating the bearing seat can avoid scratching the mating surface. When heating bearings with oil tanks, there should be a grid at a certain distance from the bottom of the tank, or a hook should be used to hang the bearing. The bearing cannot be placed on the bottom of the tank to prevent impurities from entering the bearing or uneven heating. There must be a thermometer in the oil tank, and the oil temperature must be strictly controlled not to exceed 100 ℃ to prevent tempering effect and reduce the hardness of the ring.
Clearance
The radial clearance of bearings is further divided into original clearance, installation clearance, and working clearance. Usually, the original radial clearance of a bearing is greater than the clearance during bearing operation. Clearance is an important technical parameter of bearings, which directly affects the technical performance of bearings such as load distribution, vibration, noise, friction, service life, and mechanical motion accuracy. Strictly speaking, the rated dynamic load of bearings varies with the size of the clearance. The rated loads (C and C0) listed in the product sample are the load values when the working clearance is zero. Excessive clearance can cause a reduction in the bearing's internal load-bearing area, an increase in the stress on the rolling contact surface, a decrease in the bearing's motion accuracy, an increase in vibration and noise, and a shortened service life of the bearing. If the clearance is too small, it can cause heating and even cause the bearing to "bite" during operation. Therefore, it is important to choose different levels of bearing clearance based on the type of bearing and working conditions.
The standard deep groove ball bearing has internal clearances of C2, CN, C3, C4, and C5 levels, all of which comply with GB4604· The radial clearance of deep groove ball bearings is shown in the table below.
Holder
Deep groove ball bearings generally use steel plate stamped cages or brass solid cages. When the outer diameter is less than 400mm, steel plate stamped cages are used without adding a rear code. When the outer diameter is greater than 400mm, brass solid cages are often used with a rear code M
Deep groove ball suffix meaning
one
CN: radial clearance of ordinary group; Usually used only in combination with the following letters to represent narrow or offset clearance ranges
H: The narrowed clearance range is equivalent to the upper half of the original clearance range
L: The narrowed clearance range is equivalent to the lower half of the original clearance range
P: The offset clearance range is equivalent to the composition of the upper half of the original clearance range and the lower half of the next set of clearance ranges. The above letters are also applicable to the composition of the corresponding clearance groups: C2, C3, C4, and C5, such as C2
two
C2: Radial clearance smaller than ordinary group
three
C3: Radial clearance greater than normal group
four
C4: Radial clearance greater than C3
five
C5: Radial clearance greater than C4
six
DB: Two single row deep groove ball bearings paired back-to-back
seven
DF: Two single row deep groove ball bearings paired face-to-face
eight
DT: Two single row deep groove ball bearings paired in series
nine
E: Enhanced design
ten
GJN: Polyurea based grease, NLGI viscosity 2, temperature range -30 to+150 degrees (standard filling amount)
eleven
GXN: Polyurea based grease, NLGI viscosity 2, temperature range -40 to+150 degrees (standard filling amount)
twelve
J: Stamped steel cage
thirteen
LHT23: Lithium based grease, NLGI consistency 2, temperature range -50 to+140 degrees (standard filling amount)
fourteen
LT: Lithium based grease, NLGI viscosity 2, temperature range -55 to+110 degrees (standard filling amount)
fifteen
LT10: Lithium based grease, NLGI consistency 2, temperature range -50 to+90 degrees (standard filling capacity)
sixteen
M: Machined brass cage with steel ball guide. Different designs and materials are labeled with numbers after M, such as M2
seventeen
MA: Machined brass retainer, outer ring guide
eighteen
MB: Machined brass cage, inner ring guide
nineteen
MT33: Lithium based grease, NLGI consistency 3, temperature range -30 to+120 degrees (standard filling amount)
twenty
MT47: Lithium based grease, NLGI consistency 2, temperature range -30 to+110 degrees (standard filling amount)
twenty-one
N: Outer ring with stop groove
twenty-two
NR: Outer ring with stop groove and stop ring
twenty-three
N1: There are grooves on the side of the outer ring (used to match the stop device to prevent the outer ring from rotating)
twenty-four
P5: Dimensional accuracy and rotational accuracy comply with ISO tolerance level 5
twenty-five
P6: Dimensional accuracy and rotational accuracy comply with ISO tolerance level 6
twenty-six
P52：P5+C2
twenty-seven
P62：P6+C2
twenty-eight
P63：P6+C3
twenty-nine
RS1: Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) contact sealing ring with steel frame on one side
thirty
RSH: Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) contact sealing ring with steel frame on one side
thirty-one
RSL: Low friction sealing ring made of nitrile rubber (NBR) with a steel frame on one side
thirty-two
RZ: Low friction sealing ring made of nitrile rubber (NBR) with a steel frame on one side
thirty-three
TH: Fiber reinforced phenolic resin retainer (card type)
thirty-four
TN: Injection molded nylon cage
thirty-five
TN9: Injection molded fiberglass reinforced nylon 6, 6 retainer
thirty-six
VL0241: The outer surface of the outer ring is coated with aluminum oxide, with an insulation capacity of up to 1000VDC
thirty-seven
VL2071: Inner ring with aluminum oxide coating on the outer surface, with insulation capacity up to 1000VDC
thirty-eight
WT: Polyurea based grease, NLGI viscosity 2, temperature range -40 to+160 degrees (standard filling amount)
thirty-nine
Y: Stamped copper cage
forty
Z: One side with stamped steel dust cover
forty-one
ZNR: The outer ring is equipped with a stop groove and a stop ring, and the other side of the stop groove is equipped with a stamped steel dust cover
forty-two
2RS1: Nitrile rubber (NBR) contact sealing ring with steel frame on both sides
forty-three
2RSH: Nitrile rubber (NBR) contact sealing ring with steel frame on both sides
forty-four
2RSL: Nitrile rubber (NBR) low friction sealing ring with steel frame on both sides
forty-five
2RZ: Nitrile rubber (NBR) low friction sealing ring with steel frame on both sides
forty-six
2Z: With stamped steel dust covers on both sides
forty-seven
2ZNR: Outer ring with stop groove and stop ring, with stamped steel dust covers on both sides
Common suffixes with ball loading notches:
one
C3: Radial clearance greater than normal group
two
N: Outer ring with stop groove
three
NR: Outer ring with stop groove connected to stop ring
four
Z: One side with stamped steel dust cover
five
ZNR: The outer ring is equipped with a stop groove and a stop ring, and the other side of the stop groove is equipped with a stamped steel dust cover
six
2Z: With stamped steel dust covers on both sides
seven
2ZNR: Outer ring with stop groove and stop ring, with stamped steel dust covers on both sides
The meaning of stainless steel suffix:
one
R: Outer ring with flange
two
VT378: Non toxic lubricating grease (accidental contact with food ingredients)
three
2RS1: Nitrile rubber (NBR) contact sealing ring with steel frame on both sides
four
2Z: With stamped steel dust covers on both sides
five
2ZR: With stamped steel dust covers on both sides and flanges on the outer ring
